If you have depression, your doctor may prescribe medicine to treat it. This medicine is called an antidepressant. There are many types of antidepressants. Finding the one that’s right for you can take time. It’s important to work with your doctor to find it.
Path to improved health
Your doctor will consider many factors when choosing the antidepressant medicine to give you:
- If you were depressed before and a certain antidepressant worked well, that medicine might be the right choice for you again.
- If any of your brothers, sisters, parents, uncles, or aunts had depression and a certain antidepressant worked well for them, that medicine might work for you, too.
- The choice of an antidepressant depends on your health. Certain antidepressants may have a bad effect on a health problem you have. That medicine wouldn’t be the right choice for you.
- Antidepressants can have side effects. The right medicine for you may be the one that gives you the fewest side effects.
- The choice of an antidepressant may depend on how often you must take it. It is important to take antidepressants as prescribed and daily medications may make this easier.
- Some antidepressants cost more than others. Your doctor will choose an antidepressant that works for you and your budget.
- Your doctor will likely choose a medicine they have experience prescribing.
- Some antidepressant can help you with sleeplessness, anxiety, and lack of energy if these are part of your symptoms.
- If you’re taking other medicines, your doctor will consider how an antidepressant will work with these other medicines.
- Some antidepressants don’t work well with certain foods. If your doctor gives you one of these antidepressants, they will let you know which foods you should stop eating.
Keep in mind that antidepressant medicines are not “downers” or “uppers.” You will not get high when you take them. They are not addictive.
You’ll know if your antidepressant is working based on how you feel. You’ll be able to sleep better. You’ll have more energy to meet your day-to-day obligations. You can take care of yourself. Your appetite will be closer to normal. You’ll have an increased desire to engage in life. You and your family and friends will notice these changes. Be patient, though. It may take some time to get back to the way you felt before the depression.
While antidepressants can help with symptoms of depression, that’s only part of the treatment. These medicines work best when you try to have an active lifestyle with exercise, get eight hours of sleep a night, and eat healthy foods. Your doctor may also recommend working with a counselor to help you improve the thoughts of depression.
How to take antidepressants
Antidepressants are usually taken every day. It can take 1 or even 2 months to see the full results. You may need to try different doses or change medications to find the antidepressant that works best for you.
Your doctor will let you know how long to take your antidepressant. If this is the first time you have been treated for depression, you will probably continue to take this medicine for at least 6 months after you begin to feel better. If this is the second time you’ve been depressed, you might keep taking the medicine for at least a year. Depression that comes back a third time may require you to continue taking an antidepressant for a longer time.
Do not stop taking antidepressants suddenly. You can get unwanted side effects if you stop taking your antidepressant suddenly. If you want to stop taking your medicine, talk to your doctor first. They can try to help you avoid these side effects.
Alcohol and antidepressants
Talk to your doctor about drinking alcohol while taking an antidepressant. You should be careful about drinking until you know how the medicine affects you. The effects of alcohol can combine with the effects of the antidepressant and cause problems. Regular heavy drinking can make it harder to treat depression. Certain kinds of medicine can lead to seizures for heavy drinkers.
Antidepressants and other medicines
Antidepressants can effect many other medicines. If you’re taking an antidepressant, tell your doctor about all other medicines you take, including over-the-counter (OTC) medicines and herbal health products (such as St. John’s wort). They can let you know if your regular medicines may cause problems when combined with an antidepressant.
Antidepressants for children and teens
In some cases, the use of antidepressants has been linked to an increase in suicidal thoughts and behavior in children, teens, and young adults. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) now requires antidepressants to carry a warning about the risk of suicide in children, teens, and young adults 24 years of age or younger. However, this doesn’t mean that people in this age group shouldn’t take antidepressants. It means they should be carefully monitored by their doctor and loved ones while taking the antidepressant.
Many doctors will want to see a child or teen sometime in the first few weeks after starting an antidepressant to assess any risk for suicide. If you’re worried your child may be suicidal, call your doctor right away or take your child to the nearest emergency room.
Things to consider
All antidepressants have some side effects. However, not all people taking antidepressants have these side effects. Most of the side effects happen in the early weeks of therapy and lessen over time. You may experience the following:
- Anxiety
- Bladder problems
- Blurred vision
- Constipation
- Diarrhea
- Dizziness when standing up
- Dry mouth
- Excessive tiredness
- Feeling of weakness
- Hand tremors
- Increased heart rate
- Increased sleepiness
- Insomnia
- Muscle twitching
- Nausea
- Sexual dysfunction (inability to ejaculate or to have an orgasm)
- Tremor
- Vomiting
- Weight gain or loss
Talk to your doctor if these side effects don’t go away. They may change your dosage or suggest another medication.
Considerations for women
If you’re planning to get pregnant, talk to your doctor about your medicines before you try to get pregnant. If you accidentally get pregnant while taking an antidepressant, tell your doctor right away. Your doctor will know if your antidepressant is safe to take while pregnant.
Most medicines you take can pass into your breast milk. That means it may be passed on to your baby. If you’re planning to breastfeed or you currently breastfeed, talk to your doctor about your medicine.
In most cases, it’s okay to take birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy (also called HRT) at the same time as depression medicines. Taking hormones may even help some depressed women feel better. However, if your birth control pills seem to be causing symptoms of depression, discuss it with your doctor. They may suggest you use another method to prevent pregnancy for several months to find out if your birth control pills are causing depression.
Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome
Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome can occur if you suddenly stop taking your antidepressant medicine. Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome is not dangerous or life threatening. It usually goes away within a week. The symptoms include:
- Anxiety
- Feelings of sadness
- Irritability
- Fatigue
- Headaches
- Nausea and vomiting
- Dizziness
You’re more likely to have antidepressant discontinuation syndrome if you stop taking certain antidepressants, such as paroxetine and sertraline. However, you can get symptoms from stopping any antidepressant medicine.
If you accidentally missed a dose of your antidepressant medicine, start taking it again as soon as possible. If you’re out of medicine, call your doctor so they can refill your prescription.
If you decided to stop taking your antidepressant medicine on your own, talk to your doctor about why you stopped. For example, was the medicine causing an unpleasant side effect? Did it cost too much? Your doctor can help by altering your dosage or suggesting another antidepressant.
If your doctor recommended you take a lower dosage of your medicine and you’re experiencing symptoms of antidepressant discontinuation syndrome, talk with your doctor. You may need to take a higher dosage before weaning your body from the medicine completely.
To keep antidepressant discontinuation syndrome from happening again, take your medicine exactly as your doctor tells you. If you want to stop taking it, talk to your doctor first. Just because you’re unable to stop taking your medicine suddenly doesn’t mean you’re addicted. Your body often needs time to adjust to lower levels of the medicine. That’s why your doctor may recommend tapering off an antidepressant rather than abruptly stopping it.
Questions to ask your doctor
- How can I know if I have depression?
- Are there ways to treat depression that don’t involve medicine?
- If I am depressed, should I also be talking to a mental health professional?
- Are there coupons I can use to help lower the cost of antidepressants?
- How long will it take to get the dosage right for my medication?
- How will I know the medicine is working?
