OTC Medicines: An Introduction

1. Active ingredient. The active ingredient is the chemical compound in the medicine that works to relieve your symptoms. It is always the first item on the label. There may be more than one active ingredient in a product. The label will clearly show this, and it will also show the purpose of each active ingredient. To reduce your risk of overdose, be sure to check that you’re not taking two medicines that contain the same ingredients or are intended for the same purpose.
2. Uses. This section lists the symptoms the medicine is meant to treat. Uses are sometimes called "indications."
3. Warnings. This safety information will tell you what other medicines, foods or activities (such as driving) to avoid while taking this medicine, as well as possible side effects of taking the medicine. The warning will also tell you if the medicine is not recommended for a particular group of people, such as pregnant women.
4. Directions. This section tells you how much medicine you should take, how often you should take it and for how long you can take it. The directions may be different for children and adults.
5. Other information. Any other important information, such as how to store the medicine, will be listed here.
6. Inactive ingredients. An inactive ingredient is a chemical compound in the medicine that isn't meant to treat a symptom. This can include preservatives, binding agents and food coloring. This section is especially important for people who know they have allergies to food coloring or other chemicals.
7. Questions or Comments. A toll-free number for the manufacturer is provided in case you have any questions or want to share your comments about the medicine.

Return to top

• Antacids and acid reducers
• Antidiarrheals
• Antiemetic medicines (for nausea)
• Antihistamines
• Cough medicines
• Decongestants
• Herbal products and supplements
• Laxatives
• Pain relievers
• Vitamins and minerals